Nettle Leaf: Study of Asthma and Anti-Inflammatory
Phenolic Acids and Polyphenolic Compounds:
- p-Hydroxybenzoic acid
- Protocatechuic acid (3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic acid)
- Vanillic acid
- Caffeic acid
- Ferulic acid
- 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid
These compounds are widely distributed in various foods and exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic, and cardio, neuro, and nephron-protective properties.
Flavonoids:
- Kaempferol
- Rutin
These flavonoids are also present in stinging nettle and have been shown to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Fatty Acids:
- C18:3 (linolenic acid)
- C16:0 (palmitic acid)
- C18:2 (linoleic acid)
These fatty acids are present in stinging nettle leaves and have been identified as important components of the plant’s chemical profile.
Carotenoids:
- Chlorophylls
- Carotenoids (e.g., beta-carotene)
These pigments are responsible for the plant’s green color and have antioxidant properties.
Terpenes:
- Linalool (dominant compound)
Linalool is a terpene present in the essential oil of stinging nettle and has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities.
Other Compounds:
- Nitrogenous compounds (e.g., amino acids, peptides)
- Organic acids (e.g., tartaric acid, oxalic acid)
These compounds are also present in stinging nettle and contribute to its chemical profile and biological activity.